Frameworks
The four Ps
Product, price, place, promotion: the marketing mix.
Last reviewedWhat does The four Ps mean?
The four Ps, set out by E. Jerome McCarthy in 1960, describe the main marketing levers: product (what it is), price (what you charge), place (where and how it is sold) and promotion (how you tell people about it). For services, three more are often added: people, process and physical evidence (the seven Ps). Useful for launch and marketing questions, as a source of ideas rather than a list to read out.
Where does it come up in case interview prep?
Related terms
- The three CsCustomer, company, competitors: three angles on a market.
- FrameworkA reusable way to break down a common kind of problem.
- Porter's Five ForcesFive pressures that shape how profitable an industry is.
- Porter's generic strategiesCompete on lowest cost, on being different, or by focusing on a niche.
- BCG growth-share matrixSorting businesses by market growth and relative market share.
- Ansoff matrixFour growth routes: existing or new products in existing or new markets.
- McKinsey 7S frameworkSeven parts of an organization that must fit together.
- SWOT analysisStrengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.